Kazakhstan is moving forward with the development of its first nuclear power plants, with state-owned enterprises from China and Russia selected to lead the respective projects. China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) and Russia’s Rosatom will each head separate consortiums, reflecting Kazakhstan’s strategy of diversifying its international partnerships while addressing domestic energy security.
The initiative marks a major milestone in Kazakhstan’s long-term energy transition, as the Central Asian nation seeks to reduce its reliance on coal-fired power plants, which currently account for over 70% of electricity generation. With rising electricity demand and mounting pressure to decarbonize, nuclear power is emerging as a key pillar of the country’s future energy mix.
According to officials, CNNC has submitted a significantly lower-cost proposal compared to other contenders, giving it a competitive edge in negotiations. Meanwhile, Rosatom—already active across Central Asia—brings decades of experience and established ties with Kazakhstan’s nuclear sector, including cooperation through joint ventures such as Uranium One.
Each consortium is expected to bring in a mix of international contractors and local expertise, supporting knowledge transfer and industrial development in Kazakhstan. The projects will likely be located near major consumption centers, with feasibility studies, site evaluations, and regulatory reviews currently underway.
If successfully executed, these nuclear power plants will not only strengthen Kazakhstan’s energy independence but also position it as a regional leader in civilian nuclear technology. Construction timelines and final investment decisions are expected to be announced following the conclusion of technical assessments and government approvals.